The second most-often question I get asked is, OK, smart guy, since you say the current eurodollar system is irrevocably broken, what do we do about it? [This comes right after the most popular question, um, what is a eurodollar?] I typically avoid answering for two reasons. First, since hardly anyone is ready for the first question, it is somewhat [...]
Working with my colleague Joe Calhoun (mostly him), we’ve come up with what we think is a list of questions that quite naturally arise from this week’s discussions of bank reserves, some specific and technical, the monetary system, some theoretical, some practical, and the (much) wider economic consequences which follow from those. 1. When the bank buys a Treasury note/bond/bill [...]
Emperor Xi of China is still at. Showing no signs of letting up, still looking like the early stages of a purge, Communist Party Leader Xi Jinping continues to reorder the country’s vast security apparatus. His current target is the internal police and security force, which used to answer to the State Council.Now it answers to the Party, not the [...]
During the first quarter of 2008, as Bear Stearns teetered on the edge of illiquidity, foreign holders of US$ financial assets contributed $9.3 trillion to US credit markets. According to the Fed’s Z1, the Financial Accounts of the United States, it tells us that’s the amount they held in possession from outside the American geographical boundary. Considering at the same [...]
Before August 2007, US$ money markets operated efficiently and predictably. They behaved according to a rigid hierarchy, which is a good thing no matter how it may sound. This inflexibility in the context of funding markets was exactly what we would want. Arbitrage opportunity was responsible for enforcing the rules. One simple example was the difference between repo and federal [...]
The Crash of ’87 was a big deal, though not in the way most people remember. It was a stock market event, obviously, and those are the terms under which it has been understood. That’s not really its legacy, however, as the major shifts that began with Black Monday have had little and most often nothing to do with stocks [...]
Early last month, Deutsche Bank replaced one CEO pledged to paring back the bank’s ailing franchise with another committed to doing the same thing only more quickly. As I wrote at the time, “Cryan isn’t being ousted because he was wrong, but because he was right.” In comes Christian Sewing whose plans are starting to come into focus. It’s not [...]
There’s one final step to our examination of QE and bank reserves (you’ll need to read through at least Part 1, though Part 2 is worth the time, too). It’s all well and good to try and map out complex subjects using very simple models. That can help illuminate concepts, but we should always strive for validation. The heart of the [...]
Since we’ve already cracked open the accounting, it makes some sense to take our example into an important corollary examination (if you haven’t yet, you’ll need to read through Part 1). In our prior examples, we’ve assumed that the swap of risk-free assets on Bank A’s asset side is a neutral trade. That is, there aren’t any costs or downside [...]
I completely understand the confusion regarding bank reserves. I really do. It’s easy to believe they are money because that’s what you’ve been taught from Day 1. Not only that, the same message is carelessly reinforced in the media every single time QE or any LSAP is referenced. Bank reserves are the aftermath of money printing, therefore = money. That [...]
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